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Anomie is a concept identified by durkheim and later developed by merton First of all people are socialised into their own family and local community's norms through primary socialisation and then learn universalistic values (the norms and values of wider society) through secondary. For durkheim, anomie is a state of normlessness
The lack of social cohesion and solidarity that often accompanies rapid social change Socialisation is the process through which individuals learn the norms and values of society, leading to social cohesion and a functional society (according to functionalists) Anomie was a concept introduced to sociology by emile durkheim to mean normlessness
An upheaval in social values often associated with rapid social change and lack of order
He originally used the term in his famous study on suicide as one of the social conditions that could lead to increased suicide rates Robert merton further developed the concept of anomie in his famous strain theory (see. While durkheim's concept of anomie was rather vague, merton explains the idea in quite a detailed way While merton's theory was based on 20 th century america, it is transferable to any contemporary, western, developed capitalist society.
Functionalism is one of the key sociological perspectives and is known as a consensus theory as it is characterised by the idea that society requires shared norms and values in order for it function properly Institutions in society (such as the family, education, the media, etc.) have clear social functions, which ensure there is a broad consensus about the norms and values of society and. In doing so he developed a theory about subcultures. Robert merton's strain theory is a sociological theory that explains the relationship between social structure and deviance
According to merton, when individuals are unable to achieve their goals through legitimate means, they may turn to deviant behaviors as a way of achieving those goals
Merton identified five ways in which individuals may respond to this strain or frustration Durkheim is often seen as the founding father of functionalist sociology, and his ideas about deviance must be understood in the context of his views about society as a whole He had an organic analogy of society He perceived it as akin to a human body
The various organs (institutions) had to function correctly for the whole to be in good health Although excessive deviance could be. Overview durkheim argues the education system provides what he terms secondary socialisation as opposed to the primary socialisation which is delivered by the family While the family passes on particular norms and values, secondary socialisation passes on universal norms and values that are shared by broader society
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